新能源汽车补贴政策的租金效应及其应对

Rent Effect of New Energy Vehicles Subsidies

为了保护城市环境,调整能源利用结构,新能源汽车业得到了政府的政策支持。地方政府在具体执行时利用财政补贴政策,制造了新能源汽车进入本地区的门槛。运用数理分析模型可以发现,地方政府对新能源汽车实施补贴,是一种具有地方保护色彩的歧视性政策,制造了行业垄断,并形成了租金,改变了不同地区新能源汽车企业竞争的比较优势,厂商和消费者之间的剩余分配也发生了变化,扭曲了资源的配置。真正鼓励新能源汽车的健康发展,需要重新平衡政府间的利益,厘清政府与市场的关系,建立国内贸易审查机构以限制地方保护行为。

In order to protect the urban environment, adjusting energy use structure, the new energy automotive industry is supported by government policy. But local government make use of financial subsidies, creating a threshold for new energy vehicles to enter the area. Using mathematical analysis model can be found, the local government implemented subsidies for new energy vehicles, is a kind of discriminatory policies for the protection of local industry, and created trade monopoly and rent, changing the comparative advantage of the new energy automobile enterprises .The remaining allocation between manufacturers and consumers is also changed, distorted the allocation of resources. To encourage the healthy development of new energy vehicles, re-balancing the interests of governments , clarifying the relationship between government and the market and establishing domestic trade review mechanism to limit local protection behavior are needed. And the restrictions on trade protectionism of US Interstate Commerce Commission and the WTO can give us some useful lessons.