村社消解背景下失地农民的日常抗争——以征地型社区为例

Everyday Contention of Land-lost Peasants in Declining Local Communities: Taking Land Acquired Communities as Examplesn

以土地被征收型农村社区的失地农民行为作为研究对象,对失地农民与村社集体的关系互动作一长时段的梳理。征地型社区的国家强势介入导致村民无力与国家对抗,但在与集体互动中,村民却不断产生日常抗争来追求集体收益的再分配。失地农民的日常抗争是特定背景下的自我利益争取,是在社区解构中追求确定性的风险防范逻辑。抗争的前提是村社无法保护村民,只能通过自身利益的套现获得安全感。国家的行政吸纳、乡村利益共同体生成以及村庄结构分化等多种力量的交融中,村落共同体瓦解,村社集体作为村社村民的保障和公共服务职能流失,村社归属感消逝,失地型农民的合作性资源动员能力也被消解。作为失去土地的单个个体被甩入市场,农民产生了个人主义的行动导向,正是这一个体主义取向坚定和明确了失地农民坚持村社集体资产的均分原则,坚持个体自我利益索取的导向。

Taking the behavior of land-lost peasants in the rural land acquired communities as research object,this paper scrutinized the relation and interaction between land-lost peasants and local village collectives thatstretched a long period of time. Because of strong state intervention, the land-lost peasants are incapable of com-peting with the state. However, the peasants launch resistance in daily life continuouslyto pursue the redistribu-tion of the collective revenue. This kind of contention helps peasants to protect their own benefits, preventingthemselves from the risk of the declining local community and obtaining a sense of security by cashing the owner-ship of land. Under the blend influence of state administration, rural community collective and class polariza-tion, rural communities collapse and their functions as security and public service for villager fail. Sense of be-longing to local communities disappears, so the collaboration opportunities of land-lost peasants reduce. The in-dividual land-lost peasants are forced to face the competitive market, which engenders individualisticorientationwhich will further enable peasants to stick to self-interested orientation and will enhance the equal distribution ofcollective properties of rural community.