赞助人系统在《尤利西斯》译事活动中的作用

赞助人在翻译活动中的作用是翻译的文化学派研究的重要内容之一。根据安德烈·勒菲弗尔的观点,赞助人是影响文学活动(包括翻译活动)的重要外部因素之一,它涉及到意识形态、经济利益和社会地位三个方面。本文提出了赞助人系统的理念,并把以往一直被忽略的精神支持与技术支持等重要因素纳入该系统中。本文以《尤利西斯》汉译的生态环境为研究对象,探讨赞助人系统的意识形态、经济基础、社会地位、精神支持与技术支持等方面在《尤利西斯》译事活动中发挥着重要的作用,并能再现译者们在翻译作品时所处的生态境遇。

The role of patronage in the process of translation is the pivot of the cultural study of translation. According to Andr~ Lefevere, patronage is one of the important external factors in the literary activities （ including translation activities）, which includes ideological component, economic component and the component of social status. This paper introduces the idea of patronage system, which is based on the previons research achievements. It covers the factor of spiritual and technical support unseen before. The author focuses on biological environment of Ulysses translation to explore the impact of the ideological component, economic component, the component of social status and spiritual and technical support on the translation of Ulysses, so as to help readers clearly see the importance of patronage system in the translation of Ulysses and reproduce the ecological environment Ulysses＇s translators were in.