作为艺术行动的美——一种生活美学的视角

Beauty as an Action of Art: From the Aspect of Aesthetics of Life

关于美学学科的合法性,目前学界有两种意见。取消主义美学认为"美"是一个先行设定出来的"超级概念",没有一个"超级事实"与其对应,犯了形而上学本质主义的错误,因此美学学科并不合法;形而上学美学则坚持形而上学的阵地,用康德美学的"合目的性"来解释美这个概念,由此认为美学学科具有合乎理想价值的合法性。本文以为,由于形而上学美学的理论自闭性,不可能让审美活动具有现实的超越性价值;而取消主义美学最大的问题是在正确指出"超级概念"虚妄性的同时,没有充分估计到其中包含的目的性价值。当然,上述两种意见并非没有融通之处,即将美理解为某种艺术行动,不过本文认为,这种艺术行动不仅是超越性的,而且应该携带日常生活这幅肉身。

There are two ideas about the legitimacy of aesthetics as a discipline. Aesthetics of Elimination claims that beauty is an a prior super-concept which,absent of a corresponding super-reality,falls into the abyss of metaphysical essentialism.Hence,aesthetics is not a legitimate discipline. Metaphysical Aesthetics holds that beauty should be interpreted through Kantian purposiveness of aesthetics and claims the legitimacy of the discipline of aesthetics in its ideal-confirming value. This paper argues that metaphysical aesthetics,due to its theoretically self-enclosed nature,cannot allow aesthetic activities to take on realistic transcendent value. Aesthetics of Elimination,however,has its own major problem. While it correctly points out the illusionary nature of super-concept,it has failed to fully acknowledge its value of purposiveness. Between the two ideas in question,there is certainly a common ground,which is to take beauty as an action of art. This action,this paper concludes,not only contains transcendent value but also carries with it the mortal body of everyday life.