3种珍禽肌肉中氨基酸成分分析及营养评价

Analysis of amino acid composition and evaluation of nutritional quality in three breeds of rare fowl muscle

采用高效离子交换色谱法测定珍珠鸡、贵妃鸡和雉鸡3种珍禽肌肉中的17种氨基酸含量,分析氨基酸组成的差异性,并通过计算氨基酸比值系数分评价蛋白质营养价值。结果表明：3种珍禽肌肉中均含有全部水解氨基酸,种类齐全;氨基酸总量（TAA）在19.33～22.77 g/100g之间,富含人体必需氨基酸和鲜味氨基酸;各珍禽肌肉中必需氨基酸含量差异显著,参考WHO/FAO氨基酸模式谱,大部分珍禽肌肉中必需氨基酸组成超出或十分接近参考模式,必需氨基酸组成较为合理。3种珍禽肌肉的氨基酸比值系数分（SRC）都在70分以上,营养均衡;其中贵妃鸡胸肌和腿肌的SRC值更是超过85,相比于其他2种珍禽肌肉具有更高的营养价值。

In order to analyze the difference of amino acid compositions and estimate their protein nutritional value by using the score of ratio coefficient of amino acid, the 17 kinds of amino acids in the muscle of Guinea fowl, Royal chicken and Pheasant were determined by high-performance ion-exchange chromatography. The results showed that all kinds of hydrolysate amino acids were found in the muscle of three rare fowls. The total amino acids were in the range of 19.33 g/100 g to 22.77 g/100 g. These muscle samples contained high amounts of essential amino acids and delicious amino acids. The content of essential amino acids in rare fowls had significant difference. Compared with the protein reference pattern provided by WHO/FAO, most of the essential amino acid compositions in rare fowls were relatively balanced and reasonable. The coefficients of amino acids ratio of these muscle samples were all up to 70. Furthermore, the SRC values of breast and thigh muscle of Royal chicken were more than 85, which significantly higher than the values of other rare fowls and indicated the most abundant nutrition.