重庆市永川区淡竹叶资源群落特征研究

Community characters of Lophatherum gracile in Yongchuan district of Chongqing

以重庆市永川区淡竹叶Lophatherum gracil资源群落为研究对象,采用样地法调查了群落类型及物种种类,并运用群落学的方法计算了不同群落中主要物种的重要值及Margalef丰富度指数、Simpson多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数。结果表明,永川区淡竹叶群落内共有维管植物386种(含变种),隶属于117科,229属。从生长环境、群落结构及物种组成上,可分为马尾松针叶林群落、毛竹阔叶林群落和草丛灌草丛群落3个类型,在垂直结构上可分为乔木层、灌木层及草本层,其中以乔木层的重要值大,灌木层的多样性指数丰富,草本层中淡竹叶是其重要建群物种。马尾松针叶林群落中马尾松为单峰型乔木树种,无自然更新能力,毛竹阔叶林群落和草丛灌丛群落受人类活动影响大。因此,淡竹叶的生存群落不稳定,在开发利用淡竹叶资源的同时,应注意加强淡竹叶资源群落的保护研究。

To understand Lophatherum gracile plant community＇s structural characteristics,a survey of community structure and species diversity was conducted through quadrat sampling in Yongchuan district of Chongqing. The results showed that there were386 species vascular plants,belonging to 117 families and 229 genera. Based on habitat,community structure and species composition,L. gracile were found in three community types： Pinus massoniana community,banboo community,shurb community. Vertical structure was composed of three layers,including tree layer,shrub layer and herb layer. Species in shrub layer was the richness.P. massoniana is the only dominant species of the community,it can not regenerate naturally,the shrub layer has a greater effect on the community of L. gracile in the future. In addition,the banboo community and shurb community is not stable because of human＇s activity. Therefore,the community characters of L. gracile should be taken care of conservation when the resources are utilized.