WTO“美国——双反措施案”中我国政策性贷款的法律专向性认定疑析

Analysis of Recognition of De Jure Specificity of China's Policy-based Lending in WTO Case of“United States' Definitive Anti-dumping and Countervailing Duties on Certain Products from China”

WTO"美国——双反措施案"专家组主要以《产业结构调整指导目录》为基础,认定中国国有商业银行的政策性贷款具有法律上的专向性。上诉机构竟然认为不确定专家组未明确做出上述裁定,从而草率地驳回了中国在这一点上的上诉请求。专家组和上诉机构的裁决均有不当之处。未来中国应在争端解决过程中努力扭转这些不当法律解释和法律适用,并且根据证据充足与否决定是否援引SCM协议第2.1条(b)项以作专向性抗辩;同时,也应适当调整政策性贷款计划,使之充分符合非专向性的要求,以从根本上解决其法律专向性问题。

The WTO panel in the case of ＂United States＇ definitive anti-dumping and counter- vailing duties on certain products from China recognized de jure specificity of policy-based lend- ing of state-owned commercial banks in China according to the Guideline Catalogue for Industrial Restructuring. In the appellate procedure, WTO＇s appellate body unexpectedly considered that it was indeterminate that the panel had made such a finding, and thereby carelessly rejected China＇s appeal on this point. Both of findings of the WTO panel and WTO＇s appellate body had some shortcomings. In the future,in the process of the solution to conflicts China should make efforts to reverse these improper legal interpretation and application, and determine a citation of Article 2.1, Item b of the SCM agreement in accordance with sufficient evidence to make a plea of speci- ficity; meanwhile, it should appropriately adjust policy-based lending plans and make them fully in accordance with non-specificity to solve the problem of de jure specificity in essence.