冯至诗歌人称话语之嬗变

On Changes of Grammatical Person Discourse in Feng Zhi's Poems

冯至与同时代诗人相比,具有强烈的人称意识。从20世纪20年代到60年代,其诗作的核心人称话语经历了"我"向"我们"再向另一个"我们"的嬗变。早期诗歌中的"我"以个性解放、自由为诉求,以"个我"为本质特征,浓缩着"五四"精神;40年代的"我们"具有存在主义品格,或者说是存在主义意义上的言说主体;五六十年代的"我们"则属于阶级的、人民的"大我"。这种人称话语嬗变是诗人与时代相遇、对话的结果,是其诗思独特性的体现。

Comparing with his peers,Feng Zhi has a great sense of grammatical person. From the 1920 s to the 1960 s,the essentially grammatical person discourse has been changed from ＂I＂to ＂we＂,and then to another ＂we＂with a collective meaning. In Feng Zhi＇s early poems,＂I＂was in pursuit of individual liberation and freedom,featured by individual ＂I＂as the essence and the embodiment of the May 4th Movement spirit.There was existentialism character or speech subject of existentialism in＂we＂in his work of the 1940 s,while＂we＂bore the meaning of class and people in his work of the 1950 s and the 1960 s. All those changes of grammatical person discourse have come out of the encounter and the conversation between the poet and his times,reflecting his poetry＇s specialty.