环保公众参与中的协商民主新视角

A New View of Deliberative Democracy towards Public Participation in Environmental Protection

改革开放后,党和政府一直把公民的有序参与作为推进中国特色民主政治的重要内容,环境保护是公众参与最活跃的领域之一,这些年经历了从宣泄不满行为过激到和平抗议再到平等协商的过程,环保公众参与的秩序在理性回归,协商民主在其中发挥了重要作用。协商民主关于"承认多元、尊重差异、体现包容"的价值精神在环保公众参与中得以充分体现。但环保公众参与从协商民主视角还需要有三个转向:第一,从维稳导向转为人权导向;第二,从单向决定转为多方磋商;第三,从权宜之计转为制度习惯。只有这样,才能更好地推动我国社会政治的良性发展。

After the reform and opening- up,our Party and government has put the citizen＇s orderly participation as an important content of democratic politics with Chinese characteristics; environmental protection is one of the most active fields of public participation. Over the past years,it has undergone from discontent and grievances to peaceful and equal consultation. The order of public participation in environmental protection is rational regression,deliberative democracy played an important role. The value of ＂acknowledging the diversity,respecting for differences,embodying the inclusive＂to be fully reflected in the public participation in environmental protection. But public participation from the perspective of deliberative democracy also needs to have three changes： first,from the maintenance of stability oriented to the human rights; second,from one- way decided to multilateral negotiations;and third,from a matter of expediency to system used. In this way,we can better promote the healthy development of China＇s social and political environment.