公司外交：对跨国公司外交职能的一项研究

Corporate Diplomacy: A Study of the Diplomatic Functions of TNCs

在全球化时代,跨国公司面对全球化经营中的风险和挑战,必须依靠公司外交去预测、评估、规避各种风险。公司外交成为跨国公司必不可少的新职能,是公司为了维护国家利益和国家形象、增强公司合法性,在遵守各国法律、制度和文化规则的基础上,同各国政府、公司、非政府组织、非营利组织、公众和个人之间开展的制度性跨国沟通和交流活动。就其形态而言,公司外交形成了游说外交、商务外交、社会外交三种主要运作机制。国内外学者对公司外交的内涵及特征进行了深入研究,取得了不少成果。中国公司和中国政府虽然也认识到了公司外交的重要性,但在实践中还存在一些问题。在今后较长一段时期内,中国外交需要平衡公司目标与外交目标,确立公司与政府"合作共赢"的外交理念;统筹好公司资源与外交资源,确立公司与政府"相互为用"的外交战略;协调好公司机制与外交机制,确立公司与外交"统筹协调"的外交机制。

During the era of globalization, transnational corporations( TNCs) have to rely on corporate diplomacy to predict,assess,and avoid risks of all kinds when they confront the risks and challenges during their transnational operations. Corporate diplomacy has become a new and essential function of TNCs.In order to safeguard national interests,preserve national image,and enhance their legitimacy,TNCs conduct transnational communication and exchange with governments,corporations,NGOs,NPOs,and the public on the basis of the law systems,political institutions,and cultural rules of the host country.Lobby diplomacy,business diplomacy,and social diplomacy constitute the three major forms of corporate diplomacy. There has already been a great deal of scholarship on the concept and characteristics of corporate diplomacy. The Chinese government and corporations have also realized the importance of corporate diplomacy,but problems still remain in practice. In the medium to long term,Chinese diplomacy should strike a balance between corporate goals and diplomatic goals and establish the notion of 'cooperation and win-win'between corporations and the government,coordinate corporate resources and diplomatic resources and establish a diplomatic strategy that ensures a mutually beneficial relationship between corporations and the government,and coordinate corporate mechanism and governmental mechanism and establish a diplomatic mechanism of overall coordination between corporations and diplomacy.