5～6岁高功能自闭症儿童和普通儿童词汇水平比较研究

A Comparative Study of Vocabulary Abilities Between 5-6 Year-old Children with High-functioning Autism and Typically Developing Peers

本研究选取5～6岁高功能自闭症儿童和普通儿童各26名为被试，利用《词汇水平测试量表》考察其词汇水平。研究发现，5～6岁高功能自闭症儿童和普通儿童的词汇水平在词汇广度和词汇深度两个维度上存在显著性差异；高功能自闭症儿童的词汇广度明显小于普通儿童：高功能自闭症儿童的词义理解和创新能力均弱于普通儿童，词汇联结方式则与普通儿童大致相似：高功能自闭症儿童在理解词义时优先使用语音知觉，在表达词汇时出现较多的词义泛化现象和自创词语。基于此．研究者提出了相应的教育建议。

26 5-6 year-old HFA children and 26 normal children are selected and tested respectively and a series of experiments are launched and conducted to investigate their vocabulary proficiency. The results show that （1） there are significant differences between the HFA children and normal children which are mainly reflected on VB and VD characteristics; （2） the word-base of the HFA children is significantly smaller than that of normal children; （3） HFA children＇s word understanding and word coinage ability are also weaker than normal children, while their lexical cohesion ability is generally similar to the normal children. The HFA children tend to give priority over sound perception and have obvious preference for certain morphemes. And more phenomenons of semantic generalization and self-coined words are found in the process of vocabulary expressing. Some suggestions for education are provided.