儿童干眼的临床特点

Clinical characteristics of dry eye in children

目的:探讨儿童干眼的临床特点,了解其与成人干眼之间的差异。方法:分析门诊收集的干眼病例进行横断面研究分析,其中儿童干眼78例,成人干眼353例。结果:儿童组男女之比为1.9∶1,成人组男女之比为1∶2,儿童干眼男性较成人居多,儿童干眼的临床症状儿童干眼的瞬目增多(89.7%)明显高于成人(15.9%),而成人干眼的干涩(85.5%)、视疲劳(78.8%)、视力波动(43.3%)、异物感(77.6%)明显高于儿童(P均<0.01),儿童眼的危险因素中视频终端综合征[43例(55.1%)]、过敏性结膜炎[30例(38.5%)]比例明显高于成人干眼。实验室检查方面,儿童干眼的泪膜破裂时间更为敏感,与成人比较,差异亦有显著意义(P<0.05)。结论与成人干眼比较,儿童干眼有如下特点:主要表现为瞬目次数增加伴眼红、流泪,儿童干眼的主要危险因素是视频终端综合征和过敏性结膜炎。

Objective： To explore the clinical characteristics of dry eye in children, understand the differences between children and adults. Methods： The patients with dry eye were collected from outpatient department, then a cross - sectional study was performed, 78 children with dry eye and 353 adults with dry eye were included. Results： The ratio of boys and gifts in child group was 1.9： 1, the ratio of men and women in adult group was 1 ： 2, the proportion of boys with dry eye was higher than that of men with dry eye ; among the elinieal symptoms of dry eye, the proportion of children with frequent blinking was 89. 7% , which was significantly higher than that of adults （15.9%） ; the proportions of adults with dry （85.5%）, visUal fatigue （78. 8% ）, fluctuations in vision （43.3%） and foreign body sensation （77. 6% ） were statistically significantly higher than those of children （ P 〈 0. 01 ） ; among the risk faetdrs of dry eye, the proportions of children with video display terminal （43 children, 55. 1% ） and allergic conjunctivitis （30 children, 38. 5% ） were significantly higher than those of children. Compared with adults, the breakup time of tear film in children was more sensitive, there was statistically significant difference （P 〈0. 05） . Conclusion ： Compared with adults with dry eye, the characteristics of dry eye in children include frequent blinking, red eye and lacrimation; the main risk factors of dry eye in children are video display terminal and allergic eonjunetivitis.