城市育龄妇女生命质量评价及相关因素分析

Evaluation of quality of life and analysis on related factors of urban women of childbearing age

目的:应用EQ-5D量表评价城市育龄妇女生命质量状况,分析影响其生命质量的相关因素。方法:采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法确定调查对象。应用欧洲五维度健康量表EQ-5D对城市育龄妇女的生命质量进行问卷调查,并对影响其生命质量的相关因素进行分析。结果:城市育龄妇女EQ-5D指数和EQ-VAS平均得分分别为(0.981±0.085)分、(86.290±11.735)分。在量表的五个维度测量中,维度2(自我照顾)方面没有困难的人最多,占98.8%,困难报告率较高的是维度4(疼痛/不舒服)和维度5(焦虑/抑郁),分别为3.8%和4.1%。单因素分析表明,不同年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、就业状况以及患慢性病情况的城市育龄妇女在EQ-5D指数和EQ-VAS得分方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析表明,行动能力维度影响因素是患慢性病情况;自我照顾维度影响因素是婚姻状况和患慢性病情况;日常活动维度影响因素是文化程度和患慢性病情况;疼痛/不舒服维度影响因素主要为年龄、婚姻状况以及患慢性病情况;焦虑/抑郁维度影响因素主要为年龄、婚姻状况、就业状况以及患慢性病情况。结论:年龄、婚姻状态、文化程度、就业状况以及是否患有慢性病可影响城市育龄妇女的生命质量。

Objective： To evaluate quality of life of urban women of childbearing age with EQ - 5D scale, and analyze the related influencing factors of quality of life. Methods： Multi - stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select survey respond- ents. The quality of life of the urban women of childbearing age was investigated by EQ -5D scale, and the related influencing factors of quality of life were analyzed. Results： EQ -5 D index and mean score of EQ - VAS among urban women of childbearing age were （0. 981 ± 0. 085） and （86. 290 ±11. 735） , respectively. Among five dimensions measured, 98.8% of the women had no difficulty in the second di- mension （self - care）, there were high difficulty report rates in the fourth dimension （pain/discomfort） and the fifth dimension （anxiety/depression）, which were 3.8% and 4. 1%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in EQ -5D index and EQ -VAS score among the women of childbearing age with different ages, marital statuses, educational levels, occupations and suffering from chronic diseases or not （ P 〈 0. 05 ） . Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that suffering from chronic dis- eases was one influencing factor of action capability ; marital status and suffering from chronic diseases were influencing factors of self - care ; educational level and suffering from chronic diseases were influencing factors of daily activities ; age, marital status and suffering from chronic diseases were influencing factors of pain/discomfort ; age, marital status, occupation and suffering from chronic diseases were influencing factors of anxiety/depression. Conclusion： Age, marital status, educational level, occupation and suffering from chronic diseases or not may affect quality of life of women of childbearing age.