新疆乌鲁木齐地区维、汉族妇女HPV感染与宫颈病变的关系研究

Study on the relationship between HPV infection and cervical lesions among Uygur and Han women in Urumqi,Xinjiang

目的：了解新疆乌鲁木齐市新市区汉族及维吾尔族妇女HPV感染状况,探讨宫颈癌患病的高危人群,为宫颈癌的预防提供基本依据。方法：选取2012年7月~2014年3月乌鲁木齐市新市区的汉族及维吾尔族妇女,采用整群分层法对1 000例大样本进行HPV定量检测;所有HPV DNA阳性者均被建议接受宫颈细胞学检查;细胞学诊断为LSIL及以上者再接受阴道镜检查及病理组织活检。结果：乌鲁木齐市新市区妇女HPV阳性检出率18.3%,其中维吾尔族为20.2%、汉族为16.4%;维吾尔族妇女HPV感染年龄分布于20~60岁、高峰年龄为36~40岁;汉族妇女HPV感染分布在26~55岁、高峰年龄为31~35岁,两者在各年龄组之间的HPV感染率比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;HPV阳性妇女中TCT异常率为10.3%,17例行阴道镜检查及病理诊断结果宫颈浸润癌1例、宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）7例,其中CINⅢ级2例、CINⅡ级2例、CINⅠ级3例、慢性宫颈炎9例。结论：新疆乌鲁木齐市新市区汉族及维吾尔族妇女HPV感染率高、尤以维吾尔族更甚,应加强高危年龄段妇女的HPV DNA检测工作,以降低宫颈癌及其前期病变的发生。

Objective： To understand HPV infection status among Uygur and Han women in Urumqi, Xinjiang, explore high risk population of cervical cancer, provide a basis for prevention of cervical cancer. Methods： A total of 1 000 Uygur and Han women were selected from new urban area in Urumqi from July 2012 to March 2014 by cluster stratified sampling method, HPV quantitative detection was performed; all the patients with positive HPV DNA were recommended to accept cervical cytological test; the patients diagnosed as LSIL and above underwent colposcopy, biopsy and pathological examination. Results： The total positive detection rate of HPV was 18.3% , the positive detection rates of HPV among Uygur and Han women were 20. 2% and 16.4%, respectively; the Uygur women with HPV infection were aged 20 - 60 years old, the peak age was 36 - 40 years ; the Han women with HPV infection were aged 26 - 55 years old, the peak age was 31 - 35 years ; there was no statistically significant difference in HPV infection rates of women in different age groups between Uygur women and Han women （ P 〉 0. 05 ） ; TCT abnormal rate of women with positive HPV was 10. 3% ; among 17 women undergoing colposcopy, biopsy and pathological examination, one woman with invasive cervical cancer, seven women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia （CIN） （two women with CIN Ⅲ, two women with CIN Ⅱ and three women with CIN Ⅰ ） and nine women with chronic cervicitis were found. Conclusion： HPV infection rates among Uygur and Han women from new urban area in Urumqi, Xinjiang are high, especially among Uygur women; HPV DNA detection should be strengthened among the women in high risk age groups to reduce cervical cancer and cervical precancerous lesion.