摘要
[目的]培育适应种植制度特点又适应插秧机作业的秧苗,引进穴盘精播钵苗机插秧技术进行研究。[方法]采用钵苗穴盘、钵形毯状盘、塑料软平盘培育机插秧秧苗,比较了3种方式的播种量、20~50 d的苗高以及插秧后的漏插率、直立苗率、伤秧率、返青期等数据。[结果]采用钵苗穴盘育秧,具有节省种子、播种精度、出苗率、成苗率高等优点。在20~40 d,叶龄、苗高、根数均较高,40 d以后,生长延缓。20 d时秧苗质量差异小,此后,钵苗穴盘秧苗质量优势逐渐突出。30 d时,插秧质量差异不大;但40 d之后,插秧质量高于钵形毯状盘、塑料软平盘育秧,且返青期明显缩短。[结论]与钵形毯状盘、塑料软平盘培育机插秧秧苗相比,穴盘精播钵苗机插秧技术更适宜于成都平原稻麦两熟种植制度区域。
[Objective] In order to cultivate seedlings that are adaptable to farming system and transplanter, the technology for transplanting potted-tray grown rice seedlings with machine was introduced and studied. [Method] The transplanter-spe-cific seedlings were cultivated with potted-tray, bowl-shaped blanket tray and soft plastic flat plate respectively. The seeding rate and 20-50-day-old seedling height were investigated for the 3 sowing patterns. After the transplanting, the missing transplanting rate, upright seedling rate, seedling injury rate and green-returning pe-riod were investigated. [Result] Nursing seedlings with potted-tray had the advan-tages of saving seeds, high sowing precision, high seedling rate and high seedling rate. The 20-40-day-old seedlings had relatively high leaf age, seedling height and root number. However, 40 d after the transplanting, the growth of seedlings was slowed. The quality difference was smal est among the 20-day-old seedlings that were nursed with 3 different patterns, but since then the quality advantage of pot-ted-tray grown seedlings had been more and more prominent. There was smal dif-ference in quality among the 30-day-old seedlings. However, for the seedlings that were older than 40 d, the transplanting quality of potted-tray grown seedlings was higher than that of bowl-shaped blanket tray grown seedlings and soft plastic flat plate grown seedlings. In addition, the green-returning period of the potted-tray grown seedlings was significantly shortened. [Conclusion] Compared to the bowl-shaped blanket tray grown seedlings and soft plastic flat plate grown seedlings, the potted-tray grown seedlings were more suitable to transplant by machine in the wheat-rice double cropping areas of Chengdu Plain.
基金
Supported by the Key Project of the National Twelfth-Five Year Research Program of China(2011BAD16B05,2012BAD04B13)
Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(201303129)
Research Foundation from Ministry of Agriculture of China
Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program,China(2010NZ0093)~~
关键词
穴盘
钵苗插秧机
秧龄
插秧质量
返青期
Tray Potted seedling transplanter Seedling age Transplanting quality Green-returning period