应急领域元数据标准比较及其实例化研究：以泥石流灾害为例

Metadata Standard Comparison and Its Instantiation in Emergency Domain:A Case Study of Debris Flow

随着信息管理与信息共享研究的日益深入,元数据作为解决信息难题的有效手段备受关注,目前较多领域涉足元数据标准的研究。针对地质灾害应急领域信息收集、分析和管理时缺乏可支撑地质灾害应急信息共享和互操作的元数据标准的现象,文章以常见的泥石流地质灾害为研究对象,以提高其信息管理和信息描述能力为目标,对已有的元数据标准进行剖析,抽取适用于描述泥石流灾害应急的可用元素,分析该灾害应急各环节的信息特征,构建包含6个一级分类,能够完整描述灾害应急预警、响应和管理等信息的泥石流灾害应急元数据标准及其扩展机制,可以看作是应急领域元数据标准制定的实例,是其他领域制定元数据时的重要样板。

With the development of researches on information management and information sharing,metadata has been a hot topic in many fields as an approach to cope with information problems,and metadata standards have been researched by researchers in many fields. As to the information collection,analysis and management in geologic hazard,there lacks of the support of united metadata standard to share and manage the emergency information,so the paper takes the common geological disaster,debris flow,as the object,and is concerned with the existing metadata standards which are suitable for geologic hazard emergency to improve the ability of information management and information description. By analyzing the existing metadata standards,the paper extracts elements that are applicable to describe debris flow hazard from the analyzed standards,and builds the metadata standard for debris flow hazard and its extension mechanism which contains six classification to describe information of the emergency alert, response and management combined with the characteristics of emergency information of debris flow hazard. The study can be seen as a metadata standard for instance in emergency areas,and is an important model for metadata constructing in other areas.