藏猪与连续海拔分布猪种血常规及血流变学指标研究

Blood physiological and hemorheological investigations on Tibetan pigs and different breeds of pigs in continuous altitudes

试验以迪庆藏猪和分布在连续海拔梯度的土著猪种(丽江猪、保山猪、德宏小耳猪)为研究对象,共采集228份血液样品,测量血液生理和血流变学指标共16项。结果显示藏猪红细胞数(RBC)、血红蛋白浓度(HGB)、红细胞压积(HCT)、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(MCH)和平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)均极显著高于德宏小耳猪(P<0.01),增加了血红蛋白运氧能力。藏猪全血黏度和血浆黏度均高于低海拔德宏小耳猪(P<0.05),但藏猪红细胞聚集性极显著低于其他猪种(P<0.01),从而钝化由RBC和HGB增加带来血液黏度增加的不良影响,以适应高原低氧的环境。从4个海拔梯度看,血常规指标和血流变学指标大都呈现随海拔升高而升高的趋势,表明这两类指标与藏猪高海拔适应相关。

Tibetan pigs in Diqing and other three breeds（Lijing,Baoshan and Dehong- xiaoer Pig）,which distributed in continuous altitudes in Yunnan province,were investigated in this study. A total of 228 blood samples were collected and determined with both blood physiological and hemorheological indicators. We found that Tibetan pigs had a high level of red cell indices,such as red blood cell（RBC）,hemoglobin（HGB）,hematocrit（HCT）,mean corpuscular hemoglobin（MCH）,and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration（ MCHC）,which was very significantly higher than those in Dehong- xiaoer pigs. It means a better oxygen-carrying capacity in Tibetan pigs. However,the blood viscosity and plasma viscosity were also significantly higher than those in Dehong- xiaoer pigs,while the erythrocyte aggregation indice of Tibetan pig was very significantly lower. These characteristics counter the negative impact that was brought by the high levels of RBC and HGB so as to adapt to high-altitude hypoxic environment. It suggests that blood physiological and hemorheological indicators have been exerting great impact on hypoxic adaptation of Tibetan pigs.