静脉留置针在儿科护理中的应用效果分析

Analysis on the effect of venous indwelling needle in pediatric nursing

目的比较静脉留置针和传统头皮针用于儿科输液的效果,并探索静脉留置针的合理穿刺部位。方法将964例患儿随机分为试验组和对照组,试验组采用静脉留置针输液,对照组采用传统头皮针输液,调查患儿家长满意度、首次穿刺成功率和不良反应情况以比较两组的效果,同时比较试验组中穿刺部位为头部静脉(头部组)和手足部静脉(手足组)的效果。结果试验组患儿家长满意率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);首次穿刺成功率高于对照组,发生渗漏、脱管、堵管和静脉炎的比例均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。试验组中,手足组的首次穿刺成功率高于头部组,发生渗漏、脱管的比例均低于头部组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论与传统头皮针相比,儿科输液护理中静脉留置针可减少穿刺次数,降低渗漏、漏管、堵管和静脉炎的发生比例,且应优先考虑手足部位。

Objective We attempt to compare the effects of venous indwelling needle and the traditional scalp acupuncture in pediatric transfusion, and to explore the appropriate puncture site of venous indwelling needle. Methods 964 patients were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, patients in experimental group was treated with venous indwelling needle infusion while patients in control group were given traditional scalp acupuncture transfusion, then we surveyed the satisfaction rate of children parents, success rate of the first puncture and adverse reactions, aimed to compare the effects of the two groups, and compared effect between head group and the hand- foot group within experimental group. Results Satisfaction rate of experimental group was higher than that of control group （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Successful rate of the first puncture of experimental group was higher than that of control group, however, the proportion of leakage, off pipe, pipe plugging and phlebitis were lower than control group （all P 〈0. 05）. In experimental group,successful rate of the first puncture on hand - foot group was higher than the head group, meanwhile, the proportion of leakage and off pipe were lower than the head group （ all P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions Compared with the traditional scalp acupuncture transfusion in pediatric nursing, venous indwelling needle can reduce the number of puncture and theoccurrence of leakage, off pipe, pipe plugging and phlebitis, the priority site of puncture should be hand and foot.