螺旋线型空心变压器充电特性实验研究

Research on the Charging Performance of Spiral Air-core Transformer

利用脉冲变压器与陡化开关结合的方式,可以更容易地构造出在紧凑性、稳定性及寿命等方面性能优良的高压脉冲源。相比于铁心式变压器,空心螺旋线型变压器不含铁心,通过初次级绕组进行能量耦合,因而在体积、重量和峰值输出变比等方面更具优势。笔者对空心变压器的基本理论进行了分析,研制了设计变比3:660,带载电容100 p F,输出电压峰值为150.0 kV的油浸式变压器样机。通过初级和次级电容构成谐振充电回路,并采用快速晶闸管作为低压侧放电控制开关,对空心螺旋线型变压器的充电特性进行了实验研究。实验结果表明,空心变压器样机在初级电容为6.0μF时,输出变比可达到150左右,增大初级电容有利于增大输出变比但能量传输效率反而会下降,实际设计时要综合考虑变比与效率。

The solution of pulsed transformer combined with voltage pulse generator with characteristics of compactness, sharpening switch is beneficial to construct the high high reliability, long-life, etc.. Compared with the transformer with magnetic core ,air-core spiral transformer has advantages in volume, weight and peak output voltage ratio because of its energy coupling only by primary and secondary winding without magnetic core. The basic circuit theory of the air-core transformer has been analyzed and an oil-immersed transformer prototype with the turn ratio of 3：660, the output peak of 150.0 kV and the load capacitance of 0.1 nF has been constructed in this paper. The charging performance of spiral air-core transformer has been studied with the resonant charging circuit. The experimental results show that the output voltage ratio of the prototype has reaches about 150.0 with the primary capacitance of 6.0 ~F and the voltage ratio increases with the primary capacitance while the energy transfer efficiency decreases.