中国需要建设什么样的国家公园

The Desired National Park in China

国家公园起源于美国,是国际社会广泛采用的一种保护区类型。"建立国家公园体制"在中国一经提出,就引发了政府部门和学术界的大讨论,产生了不同解读。针对一些认为建立国家公园的主要目的是开展大众旅游等脱离了国家公园本质属性的观点,本文对国家公园是什么?我国建立国家公园体制的目的是什么?国家公园属于自然保护和生态建设范畴,还是属于经济建设和文化建设范畴?国家公园开展生态旅游和大众观光旅游有什么区别?有了自然保护区就不再需要国家公园吗?建立国家公园体制就是在原有的保护区上挂上国家公园的牌子吗?国家公园究竟应该是谁来主管?我们想象中的国家公园应该是什么样子?等8个问题进行了深度辨析,阐述了国家公园作为自然生态保护区域的核心价值,以期为正确理解国家公园提供参考。

National Park, which originated in the United States, is one of the protected area types adopted widely by international community. The view of setting up the national park system, caused great discussion in government departments and academic world and emerged different understanding after it was put forward in 2013 in China. Developing mass tourism is the main aim of setting up the national park is a popular view which violates the essence of national park. In order to rebut some mistaken ideas of national park, this article discussed mainly the following questions：（1） What is the national park？（2） What is the aim of setting up the system of national park？（3） Does the national park belong to the category of natural conservation and ecological construction or the category of economic construction and cultural construction,？（4）what is the difference between ecotourism and mass tourism？（5） Is the setting up of national parks necessary after the setting up of nature reserve areas in China;？（6）Is the setting up of national park system equal to adding a tag of national park to the nature reserves？（7） Who should be the governor of the national park？（8）What does the national park look like in our imagination？ This article also analyzed the core value of the national parks the protected area of nature and environment. All these study can help us to understand the national park correctly.