传感器的前沿发展概括

TheCurrent State of the Art of Sensors

传统来看，传感器被认做一种将不同类型信号转化成可见的电子信号的仪器。然而，现如今，传感器的性能不仅有了大幅度的提高，并且在很多领域取得了商业的成功。比如，在汽车，能源，机械，化工，飞机等领域的应用使得传感器成为人们生活中不可或缺的一部分。此文的目的是对现在传感器的前沿发展做一个纲要性概括。首先，本文按照原理及应用范围，将传感器进行了分类。然后，文章通过分类，将传感器的特性进行归纳总结。最后，文章对传感器的前沿科技发展特别是在各个高校内的科技研究成果进行了概要性阐述。

The obj ective of this paper is to outline the current state of art in sensors.For this,the paper derives different types of sensors according to the application in various of fields.And then,the paper identifies different features of detectors,which directly influence the development of research in sensors. From the empirical sense,a sensor has only thought to be a device that detects small variations in quantities,which can help people get the output in a form of electrical or optical signals.However,not only the performance of the sensors was drastically improved,but also their commercial success boomed after sensors were used in different professional fields.For example sensors applications include vehicles,machines,airplanes and medicine have become indispensable in the daily life.The applications of sensors have become a kind of ways that help people to recognize the world better.This paper describes the state-of-the-art of sensors as well as the future perspectives.