西方文论关键词 行动

The Act

行动是齐泽克政治哲学中的核心概念,借助它主体能终止与符号世界的关系。与内在于象征秩序的各种否定行为不同,行动旨在颠覆严格意义上的象征秩序本身,它具有一种自由的主体性维度,能够使个体或群体的介入成为可能,并最终在现实层面导致政治和社会的彻底变革。行动突出的是一种实现不可能或反资本主义的政治变革能力,这将由它重塑的革命主体来完成。行动的原型人物是安提戈涅。在齐泽克的理论中,行动对未来的个人和社会变革具有关键意义,但把行动的自由维度加以绝对化又使他陷于一种理论困境,因为这导致其结果的非确定性,既可能带来列宁式革命,也可能导向极权主义。

This paper discusses'the Act',a concept of central importance toiek's ethics and political philo^sophy.The Act is a radical stance,apractice that can rupture with the big Other,or absolute freedom,by means of which an agent can break out of the symbolic and her/his identity is radically changed.Its effect in social and political sphere,then,is to subvert the hegemony of global capitalism and make radical political changes possible.To develop this notion,iek draws on the interpretation of the ancient Greek tragedy,Antigone,for he considers Antigone's decision to bury her brother to exemplify an Act of absolute freedom.The Act can give birth to a new subject,which is free relative to the given symbolic order;however,the cost is that it placesiek in an undesirable dilemma,for the outcomes of the Act are always unforeseeable and uncertain:it can leads to Lenin's revolution,but also possibly to Stalinism.