重载盘式制动器热-结构耦合温度场分析

Thermal Structure Coupling Temperature Field of Heavy Duty Disc Brake

针对盘式制动器具有散热性好、热衰退性好和稳定性高的特点,提出了将盘式制动器用于重型车的重载制动系统方案。建立了盘式制动器热-结构耦合数学模型、三维温度场模型和摩擦界面耦合模型,考虑了温度变化对摩擦系数和膨胀系数的影响;运用热-结构耦合的有限元方法,分析了较高压力条件下制动器的温度场分布规律,分别模拟了不同工况下的制动过程。研究结果表明:制动结束时,摩擦副的温度场沿周向分布,在径向和轴向有较大的温度梯度;摩擦片采用耐高温材料时,制动过程中的最高温度与载重量、制动初速度存在近似线性关系,最高温度受摩擦片的弹性模量影响,与制动快慢关系不大。

For the disc brake with features of good heat dissipation, heat fading and high stability, the plan that the disc brake was applied to the heavy-duty vehicle brake system was proposed. A thermal-structure coupling mathematical model of the disc brake, the three dimensional temperature field model and friction interface coupling model were established, considering the influence of temperature on the friction coefficient and expansion coefficient. Thermal-structure coupling finite element method was used to analyze the brake temperature field distribution rule under the condition of high pressure and the braking processes under different conditions were also simulated respectively. The results show that at the end of the braking, the temperature field of friction pair is distributed along the circumferential direction and it has large temperature gradient along the radial and axial direction. The maximum temperature has approximately linear relationship with load and braking initial velocity in braking process when the friction plate adopts high-temperature-resistant material. And the maximum temperature is affected by elastic modulus of friction plate rather than the braking speed.