铝阳极海底沉积物电池的产电性能与应用

Power production of performance and application research of aluminum anode in submarine sediments

普通海水电池,由于阳极金属的腐蚀速率过快,限制了该类电池的使用寿命。采用铝合金作阳极材料,分别置于海底沉积物与海水中,使用同种阴极来构建电池,测试了电池的相关性能并观察铝阳极沉积物电池驱动仪器运行的情况。对比结果表明沉积物中铝阳极腐蚀速率V-为0.966 g/(m2h),海水中为1.207 g/(m2h);沉积物中库仑效率CE为0.710,海水中为0.531。说明沉积物中电极的腐蚀速率减慢,使用寿命可被延长,产能效率提高。铝阳极沉积物电池开路电压1.35 V,比实验中的海水电池高约0.10 V,最大功率密度Pmax为20 W/m2,内阻28 W;外接升压器件后,输出电压至6 V以上,且升压器件最高功率转化率达0.608,表明升压效果良好且具有较高的功率转化效率。同时验证了铝阳极沉积物电池可有效驱动海洋仪器的运行,为以后的海洋实际应用提供了理论依据。

In consideration of the high corrosion rate, the calendar lifetime was limited for the seawater battery with sacrificial anode. Two type of battery using the same cathode were designed in the premise of aluminum anode, including the anode embedded in marine sediment and in seawater. The date of power performance was obtained by multimeter and the operation of instrument driven by the former was observed. The results demonstrate that the corrosion rates of aluminum anode is 0.966 g/（m^2h） in sediment, 1.207 g/（m^2h） in seawater, and the former is about 4/5 of it in seawater; the coulomb efficiency （CE） in sediment is 0.710, in seawater 0.531, respectively. The working time was increased and the replacement frequency of the anode was reduced. For sediment battery with aluminum anode, open circuit potential （OCP） was 1.35 V, 0.10 V higher than the seawater battery; the maximum power density （Pm） was 20 W/m^2, and the internal resistance was 28 Ω. The output voltage could reach up to 6 V by connecting the DC-DC converter, power conversion efficiency reached up to 0.608. By the experiment, the operation of the instrument can be driven by the aluminum anode in sediment. It was a basic a theory for the field application.