鸭油对生长肥育猪生长性能、胴体性状和肉品质的影响

Effects of Duck Grease on Growth Performance,Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality of Growing-Finishing Pigs

本试验旨在研究鸭油对生长肥育猪生长性能、肉品质及肌肉脂肪酸沉积的影响。选用初始平均体重为(31.62±2.31)kg的"杜长大"去势公猪72头,按体重相近原则随机分为2组,每组设6个重复,每个重复6头猪,2组饲粮均为玉米-豆粕型,在生长期饲粮中分别添加2%的豆油和鸭油,而在肥育期饲粮中分别添加1%的豆油和鸭油。试验期为82 d。结果表明:与豆油组相比,1)饲粮中添加鸭油显著提高了肥育期总能和干物质的表观消化率(P<0.05)。2)饲粮中添加鸭油显著提高了背最长肌肌内脂肪(IMF)含量(P<0.05),显著降低剪切力(P<0.05),并显著降低了肥育期血清中总胆固醇、甘油三酯以及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的含量(P<0.05)。3)对背最长肌脂肪酸组成分析发现,饲粮中添加鸭油显著增加了C18∶0含量(P<0.05),但同时显著降低了C18∶2和总多不饱和脂肪酸的含量(P<0.05),使背最长肌中多不饱和脂肪酸/饱和脂肪酸显著降低(P<0.05)。由此可见,本试验中鸭油添加量不会对生长肥育猪的生长性能产生负面影响,且可改善瘦肉型猪的IMF含量及嫩度,对提升肉品风味有积极作用。

A total of 72 barrows pigs（ Duroc × Landrace × York） with an average initial body weight of（ 31.62±2.31） kg were used in an 82-d study to evaluate the effects of duck grease（ DKG） or soybean oil（ SBO） on growth performance,meat quality and fatty acid deposition in growing-finishing pigs. Pigs were randomly divided into 2 groups according to the body weight,and there were 6 replicates per group and 6 pigs per replicate. The study was divided into 2 periods of growing period（ adding 2% SBO and 2% DKG） and finishing period（ adding 1% SBO and DKG,respectively）. The results showed as follows： compared with the SBO group,1） adding DKG in diets significantly improved the apparent digestibility of gross energy and dry matter（ P 〈0.05）. 2） Dietary DKG significantly increased intramuscular fat（ IMF） content（ P 〈0.05） and significantly reduced shear force in longissimus muscle（ LM）（ P 〈0.05）. Pigs fed DKG had lower serum total cholesterol,triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol contents in finishing period（ P 〈0.05）. 3）Adding DKG in diets significantly increased C18∶ 0 content（ P 〈0.05）,and had lower contents of C18∶ 2,polyunsaturated fatty acid（ PUFA） and PUFA / saturated fatty acid（ SFA） in LM（ P 〈0. 05）. In summary,adding DKG can not affect growth performance. It is suggested that adding DKG is an effective way to increased IMF content and tenderness of lean-type pigs,which in turn affects meat flavor.