聚焦解决模式在老年髋部骨折术后患者早期离床坐心理干预中的应用效果观察

The effects of solution-focused approach in psychological intervention of sitting at early stage in post-operative elders with hip fracture

目的探讨聚焦解决模式在老年髋部骨折术后早期离床坐患者心理干预的效果。方法选取老年髋部骨折术后患者206例为研究对象，按人院先后顺序分为实验组和对照组各103例，对照组术后第2～3天早期离床坐，在指导常规功能锻炼的基础上结合踩单车运动；观察组在此基础上采用聚焦解决模式进行5个步骤（即评估患者、建构目标、探查例外、给予反馈、评价进步）的心理干预。结果观察组焦虑程度、对早期离床坐锻练的顾虑均减轻（P〈0．01或P〈0．05），能采取积极应对方式配合锻炼。结论应用聚焦解决模式对老年髋部骨折术后早期离床坐患者进行心理干预，有利于减轻患者焦虑情绪，增强患者康复训练信心，积极配合锻炼，促进康复。

Objective To explore the effects of solution -focused approach in psychological intervention of sitting at early stage in pest -operative elders with hip fracture. Methods Totally,206 post - operative elders with hip fracture were divided into the experimental group and the control group with 103 cases in each group. Sitting from bed at early stage 2 to 3 days after operation,routine functional training combined with cycling were implenented in the control group ,while the solution -focused approach and psychological intervention with 5 steps were implemented in the experimental group. Results Patiemsanxiety degree and scruple in the experimental group were lower than those of the control group （P 〈 0.01 or P 〈 0.05 ）. Patients in the experimental group could take positive coping styles to cooperate with exercise. Conclusion Using solution -focused approach in psychological intervention of sitting at early stage in postoperative eiders with hip fracture benefits to the effective communication between patients and nurses, relieves patients＇anxiety, strengthen patients＇confidence of rehabilitation training, and promote the rehabilitation.