陕西省农村中、小学生忽视现状

Current status of neglect of students in primary school and middle school in rural areas of Shaanxi Province

目的了解陕西省农村中、小学生的忽视状况。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法 ,于2011年11月在陕西省随机抽取4个县不同学校不同年级的3 084人,其中小学1~3年级664人,4~6年级685人,初中831人,高中904人。分别给予"中国农村6~11岁小学生忽视评价常模"和"中国农村12~17岁中学生忽视评价常模"进行问卷调查,并对不同年龄、性别、忽视层面(身体、情感、安全、教育、医疗、社会忽视6个层面)的忽视度与忽视率等进行统计学分析。结果忽视发生率呈现随年龄增加而增高的趋势(x^2=14.371,P<0.05);男生的忽视度和忽视率均高于女生(x^2=6.098,P<0.05);身体、情感、教育、安全、医疗方面的忽视率,各年级组学生比较,差异均具有统计学意义(x^2值分别为23.649、39.645、41.632、55.504和16.394,均P<0.05);留守学生的忽视度及忽视率高于非留守学生,具有显著性差异(x^2=16.356,P<0.001)。结论陕西省农村中、小学生忽视状况严重,有待于进一步探讨其影响因素,从而采取有效干预措施。

Objective To investigate the current status of neglect condition of students in primary school and middle school in rural areas of Shaanxi Province.Methods Cluster random sampling was used to select 3 084 students in different schools from 4 counties in Shaanxi Province in December 2011, including 664 pupils in grade 1-3, 685 pupils in grade 4-6, 831 students at junior middle school and 904 students at senior middle school.They were investigated with Neglect Evaluation Norm for Rural Primary School Students Aged 6-11 in China and Neglect Evaluation Norm for Rural Middle School Students Aged 12-17 in China, and the neglect degree and neglect rate in different age, gender and neglect aspect （ including body, motion, safety, education, medication and society） were analyzed.Results The incidence of neglect increased with age increasing （χ2 =14.371, P〈0.05）, and the neglect degree and rate of boys were higher than girls （χ2 =6.098,P〈0.05）.There were statistical differences in body, motion, education, safety and medication among students in different grades （χ2 value was 23.649, 39.645, 41.632, 55.504 and 16.394, respectively, all P〈0.05）.Left-behind students had higher neglect degree and rate than non-left-behind students, and the differences were significant （χ2 =16.356, P〈0.001）.Conclusion In rural areas of Shaanxi Province, the neglect situation of students is serious, and the influencing factors need to be further explored so that effective interventions can be taken.