婴儿呼吸道合胞病毒急性下呼吸道感染的相关因素分析

Related factors of acute lower respiratory tract infection with respiratory syncytial virus

目的：探究影响婴儿呼吸道合胞病毒急性下呼吸道感染的相关因素。方法选取2013年7月至2014年7月于浙江省金华市浦江县人民医院住院的急性下呼吸道感染（ ALRI）患儿1540例，根据浙江省金华市浦江县人民医院呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）检测结果，将患儿分为RSV阳性组（n＝816）和RSV阴性组（n＝724）两组，对比两组患者的性别、年龄、出生体重、胎龄、发病季节、合并基础疾病、合并先心病、居住人口、家庭月收入、母乳喂养、家庭吸烟、妊娠合并糖尿病、妊娠合并高血压、孕母特应性疾病等。结果多因素分析发现，秋冬季节发病（OR＝1．579，95％CI＝1．172～2．127）、合并先心病（OR＝1．317，95％CI＝1．028～1．685）、孕母特应性疾病（OR＝1．802，95％CI＝1．235～2．631）是婴儿RSV相关ALRI的危险因素，而家庭月收入≥10千元（OR＝0．679，95％CI＝0．499～0．924）是其保护因素。结论秋冬季节发病、合并先心病、孕母特应性疾病的婴儿RSV相关ALRI发病率高，而家庭月收入≥10千元的家庭RSV相关ALRI发病率低。

Objective To explore the related factors of acute lower respiratory tract infection （ALRI） with respiratory syncytial virus （RSV）.Methods From July 2013 to July 2014,1 540 hospitalized infants with ALRI were selected in Pujiang County People’s Hospital, and they were divided into RSV positive group （n=816） and RSV negative group （n=724） according to test results of RSV.Comparison was made between two groups in the aspects of gender, age, birth weight, gestational age, onset season, underlying disease, combined congenital heart disease, resident population, total family monthly income, breastfeeding, family smoking, pregnancy associated with diabetes, pregnancy complicated with hypertension, and maternal atopic disease.Results Multivariate analysis showed that autumn and winter onset （OR=1.579, 95%CI=1.172-2.127）, combined with congenital heart disease （OR=1.317, 95%CI=1.028-1.685）, maternal atopic disease （OR=1.802, 95%CI=1.235-2.631） were risk factors of infant RSV associated ALRI, but the total family monthly income≥10 thousand Yuan （OR=0.679, 95%CI=0.499-0.924） was protective factor.Conclusion Infants with autumn and winter onset, combined with congenital heart disease and maternal atopic disease have higher rate of RSV associated ALRI, but the family with total monthly income≥10 thousand Yuan has low incidence of RSV related ALRI.