2型糖尿病下肢动脉病变的超声应用及相关危险因素分析

Applications of color Doppler ultrasound and related risk factors in lower extremity arterial disease of patients with type 2 diabetes

目的:探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者下肢病变的发病率及危险性因素。方法:实验组T2DM患者95例与对照组健康体检患者53例接受彩色多普勒超声检查,比较两组的下肢动脉病变发生率及发生特点;依据有无下肢血管病变再将T2DM组分为2组,分析2组的临床资料及生化指标。结果:T2DM下肢动脉内中膜增厚、斑块、狭窄及闭塞发生率均明显高于对照组,狭窄多发生于膝以下血管;收缩压(SBP)、体质指数(BMI)、餐后2 h血糖(2hPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)及总胆固醇(TC)与T2DM下肢动脉发病有关,其中SBP、BMI、2hPG、TC是T2DM下肢动脉发病的独立危险因素。结论:T2DM患者下肢动脉发病率高,应用超声检查可早期发现病变,同时积极监测SBP、BMI、2hPG、HbA1c、HDL-C以及TC等相关因素以了解病情的发生与发展。

Objective：To analyze the incidence and risk factors of lower extremity disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）. Methods：The experimental group of 95 patients with T2 DM and the healthy control group of 53 patients were examined by color Doppler ultrasonography, the incidence rate and characteristics of lower extremity arterial disease of the two groups were compared.According to the presence or absence of lower extremity vascular disease,T2 DM were divided into two groups,and then clinical data and biochemical indexes of two groups were analyzed. Results：The rates of intima-media thickness,plaque,stenosis and occlusion of lower limb artery in T2 DM were significantly higher than those in the control group,stenosis occurred in the below knee vascular; systolic blood pressure（SBP）, body mass index（BMI）, two hour postprandial blood glucose（2hPG）, glycosylated hemoglobin（HbA1c）, high density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C） and total cholesterol（TC） were closely correlated to the pathogenesis of T2 DM lower extremity artery. SBP,BMI,2hPG and TC were independent risk factors for T2 DM in lower extremity arterial disease. Conclusion：The incidence rate of lower limb arterial disease with T2 DM patients is high. Ultrasound can early detect the disease, and actively monitor the related factors of SBP,BMI,2hPG,HbA1 c,HDL-C and TC for the control of the occurrence and development of the disease.