食管癌患者癌痛情况及护理需求分析

Cancer pain conditions and nursing demand analysis of patients with esophageal cancer

目的对148例食管癌患者疼痛情况及护理需求进行分析,以探讨更好的护理方法。方法对148例食管癌癌痛患者进行问卷调查,获取其疼痛情况及护理需求。结果 148例癌痛患者平均视觉模拟评分法(VAS)疼痛得分(8.0±2.1)分。其中轻度疼痛11例,占7.4%;中度疼痛71例,占48.0%;重度疼痛66例,占44.6%,重度和中度疼痛患者占绝大多数。全组有128例患者自述情绪抑郁或烦躁,占86.5%;110例患者自述影响食欲,占74.3%;103例患者自述影响睡眠,占70.0%。所有患者均需止痛药物治疗,有32例患者认为止痛药物可完全缓解疼痛,占21.6%;105例患者认为止痛药物只能部分缓解疼痛,占70.9%;另有11例患者认为止痛药物完全无效,占7.4%。癌痛患者的健康教育需求,以止痛药物的使用及副作用得分最高,分别为(45.7±5.0)分和(24.5±5.3)分。对环境护理需求中,以大声喊叫和疼痛时希望家属在旁边为最高,分别为(34.0±8.0)分和(28.9±6.9)分。结论癌性疼痛严重影响患者的生活质量,护理应从患者实际需求出发,以针对性的服务满足患者需求。

Objective To analyze the carcinoma and nursing needs in 148 patients with esophagus cancer and explore a better nursing methods to relieve the pain of patients and improve quality of life.Methods One hundred and forty-eight cases of esophageal cancer patients were enrolled in the study and the pain and nursing needs were obtained.Results The average visual analogue scale（VAS） pain score of148 esophagus cancer patients was（8.0 ± 2.1）;11 cases were mild pain（7.4%）,71 cases were moderate pain（48.0%）,66 cases were severe pain（44.6%）;128 cases were self-reported depression or irritability（86.5%）,followed by the influence appetite（74.3%）,again followed the effects of sleep（70.0%）;all patients needed pain medication,but only 32 cases said that the painkiller can completely relieve pain（21.6%）;105 cases said that the painkillers can only partial pain relief（70.9%）,and another 11 cases said that the pain completely invalid（7.4%）;the highest score of health education was the use of pain medication and side effects（45.7 ± 5.0）,（24.5 ± 5.3）,environmental care needs was shouting and followed by home when pain（34.0 ± 8.0）,（28.9 ± 6.9）.Conclusion Cancer pain seriously affect the patient’s quality of life and the nurses should think of actual nursing demand to improve the nursing quality.