某浮法玻璃厂职业病危害控制效果分析

Hazard control effect of occupation disease at a float glass factory

目的探讨浮法玻璃厂职业病危害的控制效果。方法采用职业卫生学调查、职业病危害因素与职业病危害防护设施检测及职业健康检查等方法，评定职业病危害控制效果。结果主要职业病危害因素有粉尘、噪声、高温、化学毒物（氨、一氧化碳、二氧化碳、二氧化氮、二氧化硫、二氧化锡、非甲烷总烃等）、工频电磁场等。13份粉尘中的游离二氧化硅（SiO2）含量平均（34．51±27．38）％（2．65％～71．74％）。总粉尘浓度检测41个点，合格率95．12％（39／41）。噪声强度检测32个点，合格率93．75％（30／32）。化学毒物浓度检测66个点，合格率100．00％。高温检测8个点，其中4个点（50．00％）超过职业接触限值。丁频电场强度检测结果均合格。职业病防护设施的罩口风速0．03～3．26m／s。职业健康检查389人，未检出疑似职业病患者，发现高温或噪声作业禁忌证3人。结论化学毒物和工频电场的职业病危害控制效果较好，粉尘和噪声危害的控制效果尚好，而高温危害的控制效果较差。需加强高温、噪声和粉尘危害的预防控制工作。

Objective To explore the hazard control effect of occupation disease at a float glass factory. Methods Occupational hygienic investigation, occupational hazards and protecting facilities for occupational hazards detection, and occupational health examination were used to evaluate the control effect of occupational hazards. Results The major hazard factors causing occupation diseases were dust, noise, high temperature, chemical toxicants （ammonia, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, two tin oxide, and non-methane total hydrocarbon）, and electromagnetic field. Free silica dust in 13 copies （SiO2） of contents was average （34.51 ± 27.38）% （2.65%～ 71.74%）. Total dust concentration was detected at 41 points, with a qualified rate of 95.12% （39/41）. The intensity of noise was detected at 32 points, with a qualified rate of 93.75% （30/32）. Chemical toxicant concentrations were detected at 66 points, with a qualified rate of 100.00%. High temperature test was carried out at 8 points, of which 4 points （50.00%） were over the occupation contact limiting value. The detection results of power frequency electric field strength were all qualified. The face velocity of occupation disease prevention facilities was 0.03 ～ 3.26 m/s. 389 people took occupation health examination; no one were suspected with occupation disease, and 3 were found with high temperature or noise operation contraindication. Conclusions The occupation disease harm at chemical toxicants and power frequency electric field is controlled well. The control effect of dust and noise hazards is good. The harm of high temperature control effect is poor. Prevention and control work of high temperature, noise, and dust hazards needs to be enhanced.