比较法视野下登记公示型动产担保物范围界分及借鉴

On The Scope of Collateral of Registration Publicizing Personal Property Security

登记公示型动产担保物的范围不应完全无界,又该如何界分?理论上讲,交换价值、公示方式和权利实现次序是影响担保物范围的因素。各国立法例中存在三种限定担保物范围的立法模式,中国法的模式为具体列举加法定排除(许可)的模式。就中国法而言,不用限制登记公示型动产担保物中有体物的范围;宜仿效美国法第9编的立法模式,概括列举登记公示型动产担保物中的无形财产,并采取法律、行政法规未禁止即可以设定质权的兜底条款技术。

It is necessary to delimit the scope of collateral of registration publicizing personal property security. Theoretically, there are 3 components influencing its boundary, i. e. the publicizing model, exchange value and the priority of rights. Comparatively, there are 3 types of legislative model restricting the scope of collateral. Concerning Chinese property law, it is reasonable to follow the rule of article 180 of Chinese Real Right Law which doesn＇t confine type of things corporeal as collateral. And it is necessary to adjust and amend the rule of article 223 of Chinese Real Right Law in the wake of article 9 of UCC to accept the model of listed the things incorporeal as collateral item presumptively.