社会网络、民间融资与家庭创业——基于中国城乡差异的实证分析

Social Network,Informal Financing and Household Entrepreneurship:Empirical Analysis Based on Urban-rural Differences in China

运用2011年中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)数据,本文检验了社会网络对城乡家庭创业选择的影响、作用机制及其城乡差异。研究发现,社会网络对于城镇和农村家庭创业行为均有显著的促进作用,但对农村家庭作用更大。这主要是由于社会网络通过民间融资,为受到金融约束抑制的农村家庭自营工商业提供资金支持,对于金融约束相对不严重的城镇地区而言,社会网络对家庭自营工商业中的民间融资并没有显著影响,这意味着由于城乡经济金融发展的系统性差异,社会网络通过民间融资影响家庭创业行为的作用机制仅在农村成立,而对于城镇地区并不成立。

Using the data of China Household Finance Survey （CHFS） in 2011, this paper examines the in- fluence and mechanism of social network on household entrepreneurial in urban and rural areas as well as its differences between urban and rural areas. The study finds that social network plays a role in promoting household entrepreneurial activities in both urban and rural areas, but the effects on rural households are greater. This is primarily because social network provides financial support to rural household business which is inhibited by the financial constraints through informal financing. With regard to urban areas with relatively light financial constraints, social network has no significant effects on the informal financing of household business. This means that due to the systematic differences of economic and financial development between urban and rural areas, the mechanism of social network influences household entrepreneurial activities through informal financing may only be satisfied in rural areas, but not hold in urban areas.