天津沿海地区地面沉降及其影响因素

Land Subsidence and Its Influencing Factors in Tianjin Coastal Area

利用GIS空间分析方法,以1980—2005年大地水准点测量数据为基础,对天津沿海地区地面沉降的时空分布进行研究,结果表明整体沉降速率逐渐降低,并由海向陆递增。影响天津沿海地区地面沉降的主要人为因素是地下水超采,主要自然因素是软土层次固结。严格限制开采地下水仍是未来一段时期控制地面沉降的有效措施。

Using the geodetic surveying data from 1980 to 2005, temporal and spatial distribution of land subsidence in the city area of Tianjin is implemented based on GIS tool. The results show that holistic subsidence rate reduces during 26 years and is increasing from shoreline to inland. Over-exploitation of groundwater is the most important anthropogenic influencing factor, and the secondary consolidation of soft clay is the main natural influencing factor. Restricting groundwater exploitation strictly is an effective measure to control land subsidence.