社交焦虑高、低分者事后反复回想的信息加工差异

Difference in Post Event Rumination between High-Level and Low-Level Social Anxiety Students

考察社交焦虑高分者和低分者在社交紧张事件后的事后反复回想过程中,在一般和特殊这两个信息加工维度上是否存在差异。由于一般和特殊的事后反复回想的编码没有标准,故设计研究一,为研究二的编码工作做准备。研究一以8名在校大学生为被试,进行半结构性访谈,了解在校大学生在社交紧张事件之后的事后反复回想内容,并对此进行分类,形成开放式问卷。研究二以45名在校大学生为被试,用开放性问卷收集被试在近期的一个社交紧张/焦虑事件后的想法,根据研究一设定编码规则,然后对这些想法进行编码,考察高、低社交焦虑水平者的想法在一般和特殊的信息加工维度上是否存在差异。研究发现,在校大学生在日常的社交紧张/焦虑事件后,事后反复回想可以分为回忆当时的情境、反事实假设、猜测结果、分析原因、总结规律、制订计划等几类,并得到两个主要结果:1)高社交焦虑者一般的事后反复回想占总想法的比例比低社交焦虑者的高,差异边缘显著;2)一般的事后反复回想占总想法的比例与社交焦虑量表得分呈中等程度的正相关。

The research aimed to explore the difference in general processing and special processing of post event rumination between high-level and low-level social anxiety students. There is no coding rule for distinction of general and special post event ruminations, so the first study is prepared for the second study＇s coding rule. In the first study, a semi-structured interview was conducted to 8 college students concerning their post event rumination thoughts after they had experienced a social anxiety event. The thoughts were then classified into different categories. In the second study, 45 college students were asked to fill up an open-end questionnaire collecting their post event rumination thoughts after a social anxiety event. The collected thoughts in the questionnaire were then coded. The general and special post event rumination thoughts were compared between high-level and low-level social anxiety students. Two major results and conclusions were： 1） The rate of general post event rumination in high-level social anxiety students was larger than those in low-level social anxiety students, the difference was significant marginally. 2） The rate of general post event rumination was positively correlated with the social anxiety level of students.