鱼腥草药材挥发油提取工艺优化及其成分分析

Optimization of extraction process and component analysis of volatile oil from Yuxingcao

目的:优选水蒸气蒸馏法提取鱼腥草干品药材挥发油提取工艺,分析鱼腥草干品药材挥发油的组成。方法:采用正交实验法设计鱼腥草挥发油提取工艺,以鱼腥草挥发油中4-萜品醇、α-松油醇、乙酸龙脑酯、甲基正壬酮4种成分为评价指标,采用加权评分方法对提取方法进行分析,筛选水蒸气蒸馏法提取鱼腥草干品药材的挥发油的提取条件。并选用GC/MS法分析挥发油成分。结果:最佳提取工艺:剪碎成1 cm小段;料液比为1:15;浸泡30 min;提取5 h。并鉴定了鱼腥草干品药材挥发油中53种挥发性成分。结论:该提取工艺简便、合理,能准确反映药材的质量。

Objective： To optimize steam distillation extraction of volatile oil extraction technology of Yuxingcao, and analyze the composition of volatile oil of Yuxingcao. Method： The orthogonal experiment was used to design the extraction technology of Yuxingcao. Four ingredients including 4-terpineol, α-terpineol, bomyl acetate and methyl-n-nonylketone in Yuxingcao were used as evaluation indexes. Weighted scoring method was used to analyze extraction method and screen the water vapor distillation condition for extraction of Yuxingcao volatile oil. And volatile oil components were analyzed with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Result： The best extraction technology was as following： the herb was cut into segment of 1 cm, and soaked for 30 min, and then extracted for 5h, with the material liquid ratio of 1：15. And 53 volatile components were identified in the volatile oil. Conclusion： The extraction process is simple and reasonable, which can effectively extract volatile oil and accurately reflect the quality of the medicinal material.