耐1500℃超高温轻质高效隔热材料的制备及性能的初步表征

Preliminary Characterization and Preparation of Resistance to 1500℃ High Temperature Lightweight Efficient Thermal Insulation Material

针对新型高速飞行器对超高温热防护材料的需求,以超细直径耐高温陶瓷纤维和高温粘结剂为主要原料,通过纤维短切-湿法成型-高温热处理等工序制备了轻质高效隔热材料。对高温隔热材料的微观结构、热物理性能及力学性能进行了表征和分析。结果表明:短切纤维在隔热材料内部无序排列,形成了三维网络结构,具有较高的孔隙率,而且纤维与纤维搭接处具有良好的节点,因而材料具有一定的力学性能。材料在1500℃/h处理后,线收缩<2%,密度为0.35g/cm3的隔热材料厚度方向压缩强度>1MPa,室温热导率0.07 W/m·K。

According to a new type of high speed aircraft demand for ultra high temperature thermal protection materials,the ultrafine diameter resistance to high temperature ceramic fiber and high temperature binder were as main raw material,and lightweight efficient thermal insulation material were prepared using the steps of the fiber chopped,wet forming and heat treatment processes.The microstructure,thermal physical properties and mechanical properties of high temperature thermal insulation material were characterized and analyzed.The results show that：Disordered short cut fibers arranged in the insulation material,formed a three-dimensional network structure,provided with high porosity,and the joint among fibers have good properties.So the material has good mechanical properties.The line shrinkage of material is below 1%in the condition of 1500℃/h,insulation material of 0.35g/cm3 density thickness direction compression strength is more than 1MPa,and the room temperature thermal conductivity is 0.07 W/m·K.