肺孢子菌肺炎药物治疗策略及新药靶点研究进展

Advance in the therapeutic strategies and novel drug target for Pneumocystis pneumonia

肺孢子菌肺炎(Pneumocystis pneumonia,PCP)是免疫功能低下患者严重的机会性感染疾病。目前临床治疗肺孢子菌肺炎常用的一线、二线药物因副作用及特定人群耐受力差等原因而应用受限,亟需开发新药并寻找新的治疗方法以改善PCP患者的预后。本文综述了近些年PCP的药物治疗策略及新的药物靶点研究进展,包括抗真菌药物、免疫调节剂的潜在应用等,以期为PCP的临床治疗提供新的参考。

Pneumocystis pneumonia（PCP）remains a leading opportunistic infection in patients with weakened immune systems,including those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome（AIDS）and immunosuppression secondary to chemotherapy or organ transplantation.Despite major advances in health care,the mortality associated with PCP has changed little in recent decades.Both first-and second-line treatments for PCP are limited by their significant side effects or high rates of relapse and recurrence.These features highlight the need to search for new therapeutic approaches to improve the outcome of PCP patients.We review the advance in the therapeutic strategies for PCP here,including potential applicability of antifungal agents to the PCP treatment,sulfasalazine and all-trans retinoic acid for adjunctive immune modulation therapy,and new drug targets in biological pathways.