全球治理视角下奥巴马政府太空战略解读

Discussion on Obama Administration's Space Strategy in the Perspective of Global Governance

作为重要的全球公域范围与全球治理对象之一,太空既面临着日益严峻的资源、环境与安全问题,又不断彰显着其极具地缘政治意义的战略地位,攸关国家利益与安全。自进入太空时代以来,争夺和维持太空领域的领先地位一直是美国不懈追求的目标。美国的经济、军事等国家实力越来越依赖太空,同时其太空资产的脆弱性也愈发凸显。面对新的国际国内形势与外空态势的复合挑战,奥巴马政府适时调整了美国的太空战略。文章以全球公域和全球治理为切入视角,在分析太空领域全球治理现状的基础上,从太空活动行为准则的制定、太空国际合作的深入、太空军备竞赛的规制三个层面解读奥巴马政府的新版太空战略,并探讨其深层次的动因与影响,进而为中国参与太空领域的全球治理提供有益的理论支撑与现实参考。

As an important area of global commons and object of global governance,space is facing increasingly serious resource,environment and security issues,and constantly reveals great geopolitical significance,which is crucial to national interests and security.Since entered the space age,to compete and maintain its leading position in space has been its unremitting pursuit the U.S.American economic,military and other strengths have been increasingly dependent on space,while the vulnerability of its space assets has also become more prominent.Facing the new challenges of complex domestic,international and outer space situation,Obama administration adjusts U.S.space strategy in time.This article takes global commons and global governance as the entry point,analyzes the current situation of global governance in space,interprets Obama administration＇s space strategy from the formulation of code of conduct for space activities,the deepening of international cooperation in space,and the regulation of arms race in outer space,explores its deep motivation and influence,and thus provides useful theoretical support and practical suggestion for Chinas participation in global governance in space.