地铁隧道爆破施工下穿地表建筑物的减振技术研究

Study on vibration reduction to adjacent surface building due to subway tunnel blasting

城市地铁区间隧道爆破施工中面临的一个重要问题就是降低爆破振动对临近地表建筑物的影响。青岛地铁一期工程03号线03标段下穿建筑物时，为了确保距隧道拱顶5～8m的地表建筑物安全，采用了大中空孔直眼掏槽技术、一次起爆分部延时爆破、浅孔多眼等技术，将地表建筑物最大垂直振速控制在国标允许范围之内，隧道通过后地表建筑物完好无损。并在施工中解决了大断面隧道爆破施工导爆管雷管段数不能满足施工要求、分断面施工不能同时实施爆破作业，施工效率低下的问题，既保证了工程施工安全又满足了进度要求。

To reduce the blasting vibration is important for blasting excavation in subway tun-nel construction. Take the 3rd bid section of Line 3 of Qingdao subway project for example,the distance between tunnel vault and ground is 5-8 m,in order to insure the safety of the upper buildings,technologies of parallel cut with big empty hole,one-time initiation and delay by parts,and multiply short holes were adopted in the project. The results show that the maximum value of vertical vibration limited in the criterion allowance,and the upper buildings was intact. Besides,problems of shock conducting tube detonator delay number difficulty to meet large cross-section tunnel blasting excavation requirements,multiple cross-section can’t initiation si-multaneous,and low construction efficiency were solved,which ensure the construction safety and schedule.