某市不同专业外科医生职业紧张状况分析

Analysis of occupational stress on different professional surgeons of a certain city

目的探讨不同专业外科医生的职业紧张。方法采用职业紧张测量工具测量职业紧张因素、紧张缓解因素和紧张反应,并调查年龄、性别、文化程度等一般情况。数据分别进行χ2检验、方差分析和逐步回归分析。结果紧张因素中工作冲突、工作危险、工作控制和工作角色,缓解因素中应对策略、自尊感,在不同专业外科医生中得分均不同(P<0.05);不同专业外科医生紧张反应中工作满意感、心身症状、日常紧张感得分不同(P<0.05)。逐步回归分析显示其主要影响因素为医院等级、工作冲突、与工作无关活动、外科专业、工龄、周工作时间等;工作危险、工作前景、工作角色、工作班、物理环境、应对策略是影响心理卫生的主要因素;社会支持、提升与参与机会、工作前景、物理环境、外科专业、工作角色、工作控制、工作班是影响心身症状的主要因素:工作角色、工作前景、工作危险、性别、行为方式、社会支持、周工作时间、物理环境、应对策略和工作单调性是抑郁症状的主要影响因素;社会支持、工作需求、工作单调性、工作角色、工作危险、物理环境和工作控制则是日常紧张感的主要影响因素。结论不同专业外科医生职业紧张分布不同,要切实降低其职业紧张应采取具有针对性的措施。

Objective To investigate occupational stress of surgeons with different professions. Methods The occupational stress questionnaire were used for investigating the stressors,modifiers,strain and general situation including age,sex,educational level etc.. The data was analyzed using χ2test,variance analysis and regression analysis. Results It was found that there were some differences among the surgeons with different professions in the scores of work conflicts,job hazards,job control,job roles,coping strategy,self-esteem,job satisfaction,psychosomatic symptoms and daily tension（ P〈0. 05）. The result of regression analysis showed the main factors influencing surgeons＇ job satisfaction including level of a hospital level,job conflict,non-work activities,surgical profession,seniority,weekly working time,etc.; job hazards,job future,job role,work shift,physical environment coping strategy were the main factors of affecting mental health,while social support,promotion and participation opportunities,job future,physical environment,surgical profession difference,job role,job control and work shifts were the main factors of affecting psychosomatic symptoms,job roles,job future,job hazards,gender,behavior pattern,social support,weekly working hours,physical environment,coping strategies and job monotony were the main influencing factors of depressive symptoms,and social support,job demands,job monotony,work roles,job hazards,physical environment and work control were the major factors of daily tension. Conclusion The study suggested that the occupational stress level was different among the surgeons with different professions,therefore,the measure of reducing there occupational stress should be special and targeted.