口蹄疫病毒反向遗传技术研究进展

Advance in Reverse Genetics Technology of Foot-and-mouth Disease Virus

口蹄疫(FMD)是由口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)引起的一种高度接触性传染病,被世界动物卫生组织(OIE)列为必须报告的传染病之首,其暴发会严重影响畜牧业发展、人民生活以及国民经济。但目前对口蹄疫病毒的了解仍存在盲区,口蹄疫疫苗还有许多不足。病毒反向遗传学技术的飞速发展为口蹄疫病毒结构的深入研究与新型疫苗及其生物制品的研制提供了一种新的高效的技术方法。论文就国内外运用反向遗传学技术对口蹄疫病毒分子致病机理研究及利用反向遗传学操作技术研制新型FMD疫苗进行综述,并且展望口蹄疫病毒反向遗传学研究新动向。

Foot-and-mouth disease（FMD）is an infectious disease caused by foot-and-mouth disease virus （FMDV）.Office International Des Epizooties （OIE）has listed foot-and-mouth disease as the first disease of the most important animal epidemic diseases.If FMD breaks out,it shall seriously affect the develop-ment of animal husbandry,and the national economy.But now,we still have the blind spot for the foot-and-mouth disease virus＆#39;s understanding.There are many insufficiencies for the foot-and-mouth disease vaccine.The rapid development of viral reverse genetics technology has provided one new and effective technical method for the research of the foot-and-mouth disease virus structure and the research of the new vaccine and biological preparations.This article reviewed the domestic and foreign research of FMDV mo-lecular pathogenic mechanism and the new FMD vaccine preparation by reverse genetics technology,at last prospected the new trend of foot-and-mouth disease virus reverse genetics.