鞍马全旋动作上肢肌肉表面肌电特征的分析

sEMG Analysis for Upper Limb Muscles in Double-leg Circle on Pommel Horse

运用同步表面肌电技术结合影像解析技术,对四名体操健将的鞍马全旋动作进行测试,测量鞍马全旋动作中上肢肌肉的放电规律,了解运动过程中上肢肌肉用力特点,剖析各阶段的主要用力肌肉,探究运动中的表面肌电变化特征,为建立更科学的训练方法、提高训练效果提供理论依据。研究结果表明:(1)在鞍马全旋一周中,积分肌电值和贡献率最大的是肱三头肌,其次胸大肌、三角肌、背阔肌及肱二头肌,值得深入研究;(2)四名体操健将的上述肌肉在鞍马全旋一周中放电大小顺序基本一致,且在各阶段节律性较明显,双臂支撑阶段(T1)肱三头肌、背阔肌、三角肌放电量较大,左臂单撑阶段(T2)左胸大肌、右背阔肌、右胸大肌放电量较大,双臂反撑阶段(T3)左右胸大肌及左右肱二头肌持续放电同时右肱三放电量再次剧增,右臂单撑阶段(T4)与T1阶段类似。

Synchronous of surface electromyography （sEMG） test and image analysis were applied to study comprehensively the exertion features of the upper limb muscle ruding the DLC to determine the corresponding muscle force of the movement in each stage. The result showed that the greatest IEMG value and contribution muscle was triceps brachii, followed by pectoralis major, deltoid, latissimus dorsi and biceps brachii. The discharge capacity of the five muscles tested in the four athletes displayed similar arrangement. During phase one of the front double-support, high discharge capacity of triceps brachii, latissimus dorsi and deltoid was seen. During phase two of left arm support phase, pectoralis major, right latissimus dorsi posterior and right pectoralis major demonstrated bigger discharge capacity. During phase three of back double-support, double arms, peetoralis major and biceps brachii of both sides showed continuous discharge while right triceps brachii broke out. The results of phase four of the right arm support phase was similar to that of phase one.