摘要
传统的4x-4x杂交方法很难进一步提高马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum L.)产量,倍性操作育种技术为提高马铃薯产量提供了新途径。试验比较4x-4x和4x-2x杂种后代高世代选系总产、商品薯产量的差异,探讨利用倍性操作育种的可能性。从4x-4x和4x-2x组合根据块茎性状和产量各选出17个高世代无性系,按随机区组设计,3次重复,在黑龙江省加格达奇比较两种组合类型高世代选系总产和商品薯产量的差异。4x-4x和4x-2x组合后代高世代选系在总产量方面无差异,但从4x-2x组合中可以选出更多的高产无性系。4x-2x组合高世代选系商品薯产量显著低于4x-4x组合,这主要是由于4x-2x组合后代选系单株结薯多,但单薯重低。采用4x-2x组合方式育种可有效利用具有丰富遗传变异的二倍体种质资源,但要注意在二倍体水平上选择,重点改良二倍体种或二倍体杂种对长日照的适应性,以及块茎性状,提高大薯率。
It is difficult to increase the yield of potato cultivars by using traditional 4x-4x potato （Solanum tuberosum L.） breeding scheme, and breeding via ploidy manipulation offers an alternative scheme to the traditional 4x-4x method. The purpose of this research was to compare the total and marketable tuber yield of advanced selections from 4x-4x and 4x-2x crosses, and tap the practical value of 4x-2x cross in potato breeding. Total 17 advanced clones was selected out from each of 4x-4x and 4x-2x crosses based on their performances of tuber traits and yield, and tested for their total and marketable tuber yields in a randomized complete block design with three replicates in Jiagedaqi, Heilongjiang. No significant difference was found for total tuber yield between advanced clones from 4x-4x and 4x-2x crosses, but more high-yielding clones were identified from 4x-2x cross. Marketable tuber yield of 4x-2x cross was lower than 4x-4x cross due to its high tuber set and low tube weight. Us of 4x-2x cross in potato breeding efforts could effectively explore the diploid germplasm ful of rich genetic variation, but more attention should be paid for selection of diploid species or diploid hybrids at diploid level, especial y for long day adaptation, tuber traits and tuber weight.
出处
《东北农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第10期1-9,共9页
Journal of Northeast Agricultural University
基金
黑龙江省科技攻关项目(GA08B102)
黑龙江省科技厅项目(GC12B105)
