制度对创业家行动的影响机理——基于不确定管理的视角

The Institutional Influence Mechanism on Entrepreneurial Actions——An Uncertainty Management Approach

本文探讨了正式与非正式制度如何影响创业家行动,提出了从不确定管理视角分析差异化制度区域中创业家行动选择的理论框架。研究发现:创业家行动可视为其管理不确定的产出,而制度影响了其对不确定的管理,进而作用于行动。通过策略地遵从和偏离制度,创业家力图有效地借助制度以管理不确定,表现为差异化制度区域中行动选择的多样性,如主动进入或退出特定制度区域、实施内含较少或较多不确定性的研发和商业化等。在受制度影响的同时,创业家也在主动影响制度,以最大化其在管理不确定方面的效果。政策决策者应更精确地评估差异化制度区域中政策在创业家对组合行动相关不确定进行管理的过程中所发挥的作用,优化政策以提升其在管理不确定方面的效果,这将催生出更多的研发成果及其商业化。

This paper explores that how formal and informal institutions impact entrepreneurial actions. Furthermore, this paper provides a framework based on uncertainty management perspective for analyzing the entrepreneurial action choices in different institutional fields. The research suggests that entrepreneurial actions can be perceived as the outcomes of uncertainty management, thus institutions influence the actions by affecting the processes managing uncertainty. By strategically conforming with and deviating from institutions, entrepreneurs try to effectively managing uncertainty by institutions. Thus, the action choices located in different institutional fields of entrepreneurs are distinctive. For examples, entrepreneurs proactively entry or exit given institutional fields, implement the research and development and commercialization activities embedded with more or less uncertainty. Entrepreneurs intentionally influence the institutions to maximize their effectiveness on managing uncertainty. The policy-makers should accurately evaluate how policies work to help entrepreneurs managing uncertainty within distinctive institutional fields, which will stimulates more research and development and commercialization.