美国高校多专业教育质量保证体系及人才培养特点

Quality Assurance System and Talents Training Features of Multi-major Education in the United States

美国高校的多专业教育历经几十年的发展,逐步形成了规模庞大、门类齐全、形式多样的教育体系。为保证多专业教育的质量,美国高校制定了细致明确的规章制度,并大力提倡以学业兴趣为导向进行专业选择,还建立了全过程的支持和指导体系。在此教育体系下,多专业学生相比单一专业学生具有更加显著的特点:专业偏好集中;课外活动参与广泛且活跃;创新和整合能力突出;升学和就业优势明显。美国多专业教育的发展模式为我国多专业教育发展提供了有益的借鉴和启示。我国多专业教育在发展过程中面临规模迅速扩大所引发的毕业率低下及质量下滑问题,全过程的支持和指导体系亟待建立。

During the last few decades multi-major education has grown into an essential part of higher education in the United States with a great many students and diversified education patterns such as double majors,minors and so on.In order to keep the high quality of multi-major,detailed and specific regulations have been made and a comprehensive support and tutor system has been set up.Students with multi-major have the following features:coherent motivation and preference;high involvement in extra curriculum activities;outstanding innovation and integration;significant advantages in pursuing higher degrees and finding jobs.Multi-major education in the United States provides many implications and references for multi-major education in China.