主体性缺失:当前非物质文化遗产保护省思

The Absence of Subjectivity: Reflections on the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage

非物质文化遗产的核心内涵即在于其主体性,作为非物质文化创造者和传承者的民众是其当然的主体。非物质文化遗产的主体性特质要求在其保护工作中必须贯彻活态性、整体性、原真性和在地化的原则。非物质文化遗产保护势必以民众为核心,尊重文化发展的内在规律,才能推动其创新和发展。当前非物质文化遗产保护工作中存在的一个突出问题即是对其主体性的忽略乃至曲解,直接影响了保护工作的成效,甚至造成对文化遗产的破坏或毁灭。

The core connotation of intangible cultural heritage is subjectivity. Common people, the creators and inheritors of intangible cultural heritage, are of course the subjects. During the course of protection, characteristics of the subjectivity for intangible cultural heritage require the implementation of such principles as liveness, integrity, authenticity and localization. The protection of intangible cultural heritage is demanded to give people the core position, to respect the inherent law of cultural development, thus to promote its innovation and development. One of the prominent problems in the protection of intangible cultural heritage is the ignorance and even misinterpretation for its subjectivity, which will directly affect the results of protection, and even damage or destroy the cultural heritage.