AIDS患者和HIV感染者心理健康及影响因素的研究

Study on mental health and its influencing factors of AIDS patients and HIV carriers

目的通过对艾滋病(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,AIDS)患者和人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染者进行心理健康及影响因素研究,把握其心理健康状况及影响因素。方法运用《症状自评量表(SCL-90)》、《应对方式问卷》、《社会支持量表》及《家庭关怀指数问卷(APGAR)》对扬州市苏北人民医院新区分院一病区住院的AIDS患者和HIV感染者进行调查。结果单样本的t检验分析显示:AIDS患者和HIV感染者在躯体化、焦虑、抑郁、精神病性的因子分和总得分高于全国常模(均有P<0.05),在强迫、偏执、人际敏感的因子分低于全国常模(均有P<0.05),而敌对和恐惧的因子分与全国常模差异无统计学意义(均有P>0.05);相关分析结果显示:解决问题与SCL-90总分及各维度因子分(除焦虑)呈负相关而自责与SCL-90总分及各维度因子分(除人际敏感、敌对和偏执)呈正相关,求助与焦虑呈负相关,退避与强迫、人际敏感呈正相关,主观支持与偏执呈负相关、支持利用度与躯体化和焦虑呈负相关,适应度与偏执呈负相关而成熟度与恐怖呈正相关;若以SCL-90总分作为因变量,以应对方式、社会支持和家庭关怀的各维度得分及社会人口学资料为自变量进行多元线性回归分析显示:解决问题、退避、自责和亲密度进入回归方程。结论 AIDS患者和HIV感染者的心理健康水平低于全国人群;应对方式、社会支持和家庭功能均是影响心理健康的重要因素。

Objective To explore the characters of mental health and its influencing factors for AIDS patients and HIV carriers. Methods ＂Symptom checklist 90（ SCL-90） ＂; ＂the copingstyle questionnaire＂; ＂the social support scale＂and＂APGAR index＂were adopted to AIDS patients and HIV carriers in No1 unit of Su Bei people ＇s Hospital District Branch. Results The total scores and scores of somatization,anxiety,depression and psychosis symptoms in AIDS patients and HIV infectors were significantly higher than ordinary people in China（ all P〈0. 05）,while the scores of compulsion,paranoid and interpersonal sensitivity were lower than ordinary people in China（ all P〈0. 05）,there were no significant difference in hostility and fear（ all P〉0. 05）. The correlation results were as follows： the scores of problem-solving were correlated positively with the scores of each subscales（ except anxiety） and total in SCL-90 while self-accusation was adverse（ except interpersonal sensitivity,hostility and paranoid）,help-seeking correlated negatively with anxiety,retreat correlated positively with compulsion and interpersonal sensitivity,subjective supports correlated negatively with paranoid and utilization of support correlated negatively with anxious and somatization,adaptation correlated negatively with paranoid while growth correlated positively with fear; the variables of entering into regression equation were problem-solving,retreat,self-accusation and affection. Conclusions The mental health level of AIDS patients and HIV infectors is lower than ordinary people in China; The main factors of influencing mental health are copy style,social support,and family function.