皖南地区首起人传聚集性发热伴血小板减少综合征疫情的调查处置

Investigation and disposal on the first cluster outbreak of person to person transmission of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in southern Anhui Province

目的阐述皖南地区首起人传聚集性发热伴血小板减少综合征疫情的传染源、传播途径和调查处理过程。方法通过流行病学调查,搜集病例的临床资料和实验室资料,采用个案调查和描述性流行病学方法分析感染的危险因素和流行病学特征。结果本起疫情2例病例,为姐妹关系,病例均具有高热、血小板进行性下降等＂发热伴血小板综合征＂的典型临床特点,实验室检验结果也证实为新型布尼亚病毒感染。潜伏期9～10d,感染途径是与指示病例尸体密切接触,与指示病例尸体密切接触者发病率为58.3%。结论这是一起因人间密切接触引起的新型布尼亚病毒感染疫情。该病病人在死亡后能将体内病原体传播给密切接触者,应加强隔离和防护。医疗机构要加强发热伴血小板减少综合征监测及时报告疑似病例,同时医务工作者需采取必要的防护措施以防发生院内感染。

Objective To reveal the infection source,route of transmission and investigation process of the first aggregate epidemic of fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome spread from human to human in the south of Anhui. Methods The clinical and laboratory information was collected using the case study and descriptive epidemiological method,so as to analyze the risk factors of infection and the epidemiological characteristics. Results This epidemic situation had two cases who were sisters,both of them had the typical clinical features with a high fever,reduction of platelet and other＂fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome＂characters,laboratory test results also confirmed the infection of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus（ SFTSV）. The incubation period was 9-10 days,and the infect route was close contact with the body of index case. The incidence of close contacts was 58. 3%. Conclusions This is an infection outbreak of SFTSV caused by the close contact. The patients can spread pathogens by close contacts after her death,so it is necessary to strengthen the isolation and protection. Medical institutions should strengthen the monitoring and report of suspected cases in time,the medical workers need to take the necessary protective measures to prevent nosocomial infection.