小型甘蔗收获机喂入能力仿真与试验

Simulation and Experiment on Feed Ability of Small Sugarcane Harvester

针对丘陵地区甘蔗收获设计的一种小型整秆式甘蔗收获机，运用物流仿真软件FLEXSIM对甘蔗通过切割系统进行了虚拟仿真试验，试验表明增加切割系统的通道宽度和提高甘蔗的输送速度对防止甘蔗收获机出现堵塞具有显著影响，当物流系统的宽度一定时，提高小型甘蔗收获机的输送速度就显得尤为重要。通过多体动力学仿真软件ADAMS对甘蔗的输送速度进行了仿真，仿真结果表明通过增加甘蔗与螺旋的摩擦因数、增加主动喂人辊及在刀轴上增加橡胶可以提高甘蔗的输送速度。田间试验表明，采取上述措施提高了甘蔗被切断后的输送速度，减少了甘蔗头部受刀盘和固定在刀盘上螺旋反复打击的次数，提高了甘蔗的切割质量及降低了收获机出现堵塞的概率。甘蔗通过切割输送系统的时间由改进前的2～3s缩短为1．5s左右，甘蔗头部的完好率由改进前的17．8％提高到57．9％。

In order to harvest sugarcane with machine in hilly area, a small whole-stalk sugarcane harvester was designed. Virtual simulation test for cutting system was carried out using logistics simulation software FLEXSIM. The virtual test results showed that increasing the width of logistic channel and enhancing the transmission speed of the sugarcane had significant differences on avoiding blocking during sugarcane harvesting. When the width of logistic channel remained constant, enhancing the transmission speed of the sugarcane was particularly important. Then, the transmission process of the sugarcane was simulated using ADAMS software. The simulation results showed that increasing the friction coefficient between sugarcane and spiral, equipping aggressive knock-down roller and adding more rubbers on the drum could increase the transmission speed of the sugarcane. Field test indicated that the feed ability was enhanced, and the times of sugarcane struck by base-cutter and lifter were decreased. The cutting quality of sugarcane was improved, and the probability of blocking during sugarcane harvesting was reduced after taking the measures above. The time of sugarcane passing through the cutting system was shortened to 1.5 s from 2-3 s, and no damage rate of the base of sugarcane was increased from 17.8% to 57.9%.